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The concept known as the law of the instrument, Maslow's hammer, Gavel or a golden hammer is an over-reliance on a familiar tool; as Abraham Maslow said in 1966, "I suppose it is tempting, if the only tool you have is a hammer, to treat everything as if it were a nail."〔 ==History== The first recorded statement of the concept was Abraham Kaplan's, in 1964: "I call it ''the law of the instrument,'' and it may be formulated as follows: Give a small boy a hammer, and he will find that everything he encounters needs pounding."〔 〕 ''Maslow's hammer,'' popularly phrased as "if all you have is a hammer, everything looks like a nail" and variants thereof, is from Abraham Maslow's ''The Psychology of Science'', published in 1966.〔 〕 It has also been called ''the law of the hammer,''〔 〕 attributed both to Maslow〔 〕 and to Kaplan.〔 〕 〔Winther, Rasmus Grønfeldt (2014). James and Dewey on Abstraction. ''The Pluralist'' 9 (2), p. 20 http://philpapers.org/archive/WINJAD.pdf〕 The hammer and nail metaphor may not be original to Kaplan or Maslow. The English expression "a Birmingham screwdriver" meaning a hammer, references the habit of using the one tool for all purposes, and predates both Kaplan and Maslow by at least a century. The concept has also been attributed to Mark Twain, though there is no documentation of this origin in Twain's published writings.〔 〕 Under the name of "Baruch's Observation," it is also attributed〔()〕 to the stock market speculator and author Bernard M. Baruch. One application of Law of the Instrument is the usage of antipsychotic drugs. During Maslow's era, only stelazine and thorazine were available, so every mental illness was treated as if it were a psychosis, as in ''One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Law of the instrument」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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